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RE: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE
by Martin, Eric April 9, 2004

April 9, 2004

I personally have my firewall configured to drop pings. If they don't know you're there, you aren't a target. Granted it doesn't keep seasoned hackers off your box, but it's one more piece of security. -----Original Message----- From: Josh Huber [mailto:huber@alum.wpi.edu] Sent: Thursday, April 08, 2004 10:50 AM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: Re: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE avedis(a)rcn.com writes: > [...] > then could surf, with download speeds up to 1.7M/s. Just curious, is that bytes or bits? (I wasn't aware of verizon offering such a fast link) > I even got my firewall working with the new connection, but two things > seems to have changed. SuSEfirewall2 was set not to accept pings, and > it looks like it's still set that way, but Gibson Research's port > scanning utility can ping me. The other thing is that before, I had to > manually enter commands > (iptables) to drop packets to port 119 to put it into "stealth" mode. > Now, I don't have to do that, as it already appears stealthed. Can > anyone explain either of these phenomena? I'm not sure why you would want to drop all pings. You'll probably find that the default firewalling rules drop some kinds of ICMP packets, but there are some which are useful to keep around. (personally, I think dropping all inbound ICMP is pretty annoying when trying to diagnose network issues...) As for port 119, this appears to be the NNTP (net news) port -- why would you be running a news server I'm not sure :) -- Josh Huber _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE
by Martin, Eric April 9, 2004

April 9, 2004

Please elaborate. I know what a DDoS and DoS are, but smurf/fraggle amplication; now I'm lost. -----Original Message----- From: Frank Sweetser [mailto:fs@WPI.EDU] Sent: Friday, April 09, 2004 10:53 AM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: Re: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE On Fri, Apr 09, 2004 at 10:50:18AM -0400, Josh Huber wrote: > "Martin, Eric" <MartinE(a)worc.k12.ma.us> writes: > > > I personally have my firewall configured to drop pings. If they > > don't know you're there, you aren't a target. Granted it doesn't > > keep seasoned hackers off your box, but it's one more piece of > > security. > > I don't buy that argument. Two situations: How about the fact that if you don't, you're open to acting as an unwitting participant in a smurf/fraggle amplification DoS? -- Frank Sweetser fs at wpi.edu WPI Network Engineer GPG fingerprint = 6174 1257 129E 0D21 D8D4 E8A3 8E39 29E3 E2E8 8CEC _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE
by Martin, Eric April 9, 2004

April 9, 2004

I have 0 visible services, but I still don't want people doing port scans. Why pose a target when I don't have to. There is no reason why anybody should be pinging my house. Therefore, I don't let them. Why would I enable anything to let people see me? Stardard security practice: Only allow what is *needed*, and I don't *need* anybody pinging me. If I do, I'll turn it on. Eric -----Original Message----- From: Josh Huber [mailto:huber@alum.wpi.edu] Sent: Friday, April 09, 2004 10:50 AM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: Re: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE "Martin, Eric" <MartinE(a)worc.k12.ma.us> writes: > I personally have my firewall configured to drop pings. If they don't > know you're there, you aren't a target. Granted it doesn't keep > seasoned hackers off your box, but it's one more piece of security. I don't buy that argument. Two situations: 1) You have no other internet-visible services: * What's the harm in allowing icmp echo? Who cares, unless there happens to be some vulnerable ICMP code in the kernel. I suppose that's a risk I'd be willing to take. :) 2) You have other internet-visible services: * A port scan will reveal you, regardless of ICMP responses. -- Josh Huber _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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Verizon DSL on SuSE
by avedis＠rcn.com April 9, 2004

April 9, 2004

I got set up yesterday with Verizon DSL. I had to boot into windows to do the account activation, and their tech support walked me through it. Once the connection was up, I added a hub and a second computer (with XP - it's not mine, I swear) opened a browser and began surfing. Setting up DSL on SuSE 8.2 was pretty easy, considering I don't really know what I'm doing. Yast setup for a network card and dsl went smoothly. I only had to make one file edit, to designate eth0 in pppoe.conf, rebooted the computer and then could surf, with download speeds up to 1.7M/s. I even got my firewall working with the new connection, but two things seems to have changed. SuSEfirewall2 was set not to accept pings, and it looks like it's still set that way, but Gibson Research's port scanning utility can ping me. The other thing is that before, I had to manually enter commands (iptables) to drop packets to port 119 to put it into "stealth" mode. Now, I don't have to do that, as it already appears stealthed. Can anyone explain either of these phenomena? Greg

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Re: [Wlug] Verizon DSL on SuSE
by avedis＠rcn.com April 8, 2004

April 8, 2004

Josh Huber wrote: > avedis(a)rcn.com writes: > > >>[...] >>then could surf, with download speeds up to 1.7M/s. > > Just curious, is that bytes or bits? (I wasn't aware of verizon > offering such a fast link)> Bits, I think. Whatever they advertise as supplying 1.5meg down and 128k up. I'm at the bottom of the hill from the phone company, so maybe that helps. I downloaded knoppix (700MB) in a little more than an hour. > > I'm not sure why you would want to drop all pings. You'll probably > find that the default firewalling rules drop some kinds of ICMP > packets, but there are some which are useful to keep > around. (personally, I think dropping all inbound ICMP is pretty > annoying when trying to diagnose network issues...) > I don't know enough to have an answer. How many kinds of ICMP are there? The firewall config file gives three choices - # Allow (or don't) ICMP echo pings on either the firewall or the dmz from # the internet? The internet option is for allowing the DMZ and the internal # network to ping the internet. FW_ALLOW_PING_FW="no" FW_ALLOW_PING_DMZ="no" FW_ALLOW_PING_EXT="no" I understand that the first two determine whether the firewall or the dmz respond to pings from the internet, but I'm not sure what the third option does. I am able to ping out to the internet, even though it's set to 'no', so I don't understand the last comment. > As for port 119, this appears to be the NNTP (net news) port -- why > would you be running a news server I'm not sure :) > Woops. I meant port 113, identd/auth. Thanks, Greg

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RE: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere?
by Martin, Eric April 8, 2004

April 8, 2004

That's where I am now. Heck I'll even settle for being able to coax it out of the user, along with processor and RAM info...but some people you can't even get that far. (Yes all my windows are closed, it's Winter!!!) Eric -----Original Message----- From: Bill Smith [mailto:wsmith@chezsmith.com] Sent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 3:29 PM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere? On Wed, 7 Apr 2004 09:06:51 -0400 "Martin, Eric" <MartinE(a)worc.k12.ma.us> wrote: > Here Here!!! Granted I've gotten into a debate with a friend of mine and > have slowly came to the conclusion that not everybody needs to know > *everything* about a computer to work one, but directories and applications > are a good start :) Worst one is when you ask and aol user for their email > addy, and they tell you HappyGoLucky127 (generally you can just assume the > @aol.com) I'll take that.... trying to know the why's and wherefore's of a computer before using one is like trying to know the intimate details of how a car works before driving one. all i ask from a user is that s/he know enough about the system they are using so that if i ask "what OS are you using?", i don't get a blank look. (i've gotten a lot of them, believe me.) -- William Smith wsmith(a)chezsmith.com Fall River, MA _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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WLUG IRC anywhere?
by Bob George April 7, 2004

April 7, 2004

Just wondering if there's a WLUG IRC channel or similar about? - Bob

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RE: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere?
by Martin, Eric April 7, 2004

April 7, 2004

Here Here!!! Granted I've gotten into a debate with a friend of mine and have slowly came to the conclusion that not everybody needs to know *everything* about a computer to work one, but directories and applications are a good start :) Worst one is when you ask and aol user for their email addy, and they tell you HappyGoLucky127 (generally you can just assume the @aol.com) Eric -----Original Message----- From: orbitz(a)ezabel.com [mailto:orbitz@ezabel.com] Sent: Tuesday, April 06, 2004 10:12 AM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere? Having tried to fix many peoples Windows XP installs I find XP very unmanagable. The guts (generally what I need to fix) is so hidden from the user in an attempt to keep up the facade of 'ease of use' it's a PITA to get around just to fix a screwy network connection. How many windows users don't even know what a directory is? I don't call that ease of use, merely keeping them ignorant. It's a sad state of computer use:) On Tue, 6 Apr 2004 09:51:56 -0400 Bill Smith <wsmith(a)chezsmith.com> wrote: > On Tue, 06 Apr 2004 08:43:57 -0400 > Bob George <mailings02(a)ttlexceeded.com> wrote: > > > Hey, at least there's not some kid constantly griping that Windows > > was > > so much easier (what happened to the Phoenix LUG channel - now #plugaz). > > I often find myself sighing at the "Windows is easier" crowd. i want > to educate them to what is available to them, to show them that > "easier" does not necessarily mean "best for the job". Easier might > be just that (easy), but it sometimes means making the wrong choice. > > If a person wants to favor an operating system simply because it's > "easy", then that person deserves all the resulting heartache s/he > gets. often, the person looking for "easy" will think "ease of use" > instead of "ease to get going without immediate worry"... If that > became a major concern instead, I think we would see a decided shift > towards unix variants. Sure, Win* might be easy to USE, but if you > want it networked, there's a bit of know-how and effort involved to > make it SECURE. (that could probably be said for any OS, but it is > more true for Win* than for many others.) > > > A lot of LUG channels are largely idle, but I tend to lurk and > > occasionally there are some gems worth waiting for. > > :) granted. can't argue that one. > > -- > > William Smith wsmith(a)chezsmith.com > Fall River, MA > _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem
by Martin, Eric April 7, 2004

April 7, 2004

He has a router in between, shouldn't have anything to do with your ISP. Can you ping your router? Also, is it possible that your routers ip isn't 192.168.1.x? Maybe you did a firmware upgrade? -----Original Message----- From: aramico(a)duahati.com [mailto:aramico@duahati.com] Sent: Tuesday, March 30, 2004 8:47 PM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem Still get this problem ? Try to call your ISP and ask him to reset the settting. It ussualy happens if you change the operating system between Windows and Unix/Linux. But, it ussually works fine too if you change the computer and or the operating system to Windows too, but not for other :(( After resetting, it should be fine. Regards, Aramico > Joel Young wrote: > >> I just replaced Windows XP with RedHat 9 on one of my machines at >> home. My problem is that I can't connect to the network. If I >> specify DHCP and then try to connect I don't get any responses from >> my DHCP server and 'eth0' won't activate. If I specify a static IP >> address (i.e. >> 192.168.1.2) then 'eth0' will activate but I still can't get out on the >> network, event to ping. >> >> My network configuration consists of a Netgear 10/100 Wireless Router >> connected to a Cable Modem, with a Linksys Router/Switch to the >> Netgear Router to expand my ports. I've been running fine from all >> my XP Desktops through this configuration using DHCP. >> >> Any ideas would be appreciated. > > Joel, > > Include your /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and your > /etc/sysconfig/network files in an email so we can see what they look > like. > > -- > Dwight A. Ernest, dwight at significant dot com GPG key A6999567 > Cell: +1-508-523-1416 FAX: +1-978-405-2504 YIM: dwight_ernest > RHCE #803004293310030 http://significant.com/~dwight/ KA2CNN > Papa, partner, pilot, net geek, sysadmin, consultant, cohouser. > > _______________________________________________ > Wlug mailing list > Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > > _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere?
by Keller, Tim April 6, 2004

April 6, 2004

I generally find that linux irc channels fall into two categories. 1. Neophytes + Zealots (of windows and linux) duking it out online 2. Elitists discussing highly esoteric topics such as altering disk timing performance via hot kernel patches to /proc/kmem I'll take category 2 any day, generally through lurking I'll learn something. Tim. -----Original Message----- From: Bob George [mailto:mailings02@ttlexceeded.com] Sent: Tuesday, April 06, 2004 11:00 AM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: [Wlug] Re: WLUG IRC anywhere? Bill Smith wrote: > [...] I often find myself sighing at the "Windows is easier" crowd. > i want to educate them to what is available to them, to show them > that "easier" does not necessarily mean "best for the job". Easier > might be just that (easy), but it sometimes means making the wrong > choice. For our poor little IRC channel, it was particularly bad. This kid had joined the LUG list, and offered to do all kinds of web development etc. with the hopes he'd get some free advertising for his "big business venture." No problem there, but he proceeded to rant on-list about wanting to use ASP etc., arguing against open-source content management tools as "boring." That carried over to the IRC channel, and he'd essentially scare off any potential Linux converts with his lousy attitude. > If a person wants to favor an operating system simply because it's > "easy", then that person deserves all the resulting heartache s/he > gets. often, the person looking for "easy" will think "ease of use" > instead of "ease to get going without immediate worry"... There was a great post a few years back (forgot which list) comparing web development using front page to the (original, good) Matrix movie precept. It got into the "warm, wet, comfortable goo" of FP, and how long and painful it was extricating himself and his code. Although it fit apple better in years previous, I think "Freedom From Choice" is what a lot of people want (with apologies to Devo). > If that > became a major concern instead, I think we would see a decided shift > towards unix variants. Sure, Win* might be easy to USE, but if you > want it networked, there's a bit of know-how and effort involved to > make it SECURE. (that could probably be said for any OS, but it is > more true for Win* than for many others.) We'd best watch it, or they'll start mandating the equivalent of seatbelt and helmet laws for computers. I agree that users should be responsible, but I don't want the government dictating how "safe" software should be developed. I like the idea of an INFORMED user base. - Bob _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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Re: [Wlug] question
by Charles R. Anderson April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 03:21:32PM -0400, John Sawyer wrote: > not sure if ive asked this, but i am unsure of how to uninstall > something taht i have compiled in, such as gaim, through a .tar.gz > ext... i also want to uninstall netscape, i downloaded the newest ver > but it gives me crap about somethingapp being in the dir already, any > ideas? You usually have to just find all the files and delete them. When you install stuff by compiling tar.gz yourself, there is usually no package management for easy uninstallation. Netscape probably installed to /usr/local/netscape* or something like that.

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Re: High-speed access questions
by dancro.net＠comcast.net April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

Note to moderator - I am registered with email address wlug(a)dancro.net but have email forwarded to this comcast account, from which I am sending this reply. Dan Crooks ------------------------------- Brian, I am running Mandrake 9.2 and Win2K on a Dell Dimension in dual boot mode. Have used Win2K on a Comcast cable connection for 5 months. Comcast installer told me that they assumed I would be connecting with Windoze and Internet Explorer, which I did. But... I have since installed Mandrake 9.2. Installation was effortless and most importantly for this discussion, Mandrake found and connected with the cable modem on the LAN with no problem. I now use 9.2 and Galeon or Mozilla to surf the web. I share the LAN connection, without incident or effort, with my wife's XP Pro machine. Dan Crooks wlug(a)dancro.net > Send Wlug mailing list submissions to > wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > wlug-request(a)mail.wlug.org > > You can reach the person managing the list at > wlug-owner(a)mail.wlug.org > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of Wlug digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: High-speed access questions (Brian J. Conway) > 2. Re: High-speed access questions (Gregory Avedissian) > 3. Re: High-speed access questions (Mike Frysinger) > 4. RedHat 9 Network Problem (Joel J. Young) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 18:37:43 -0500 > From: "Brian J. Conway" <bconway(a)alum.wpi.edu> > Subject: Re: [Wlug] High-speed access questions > To: Worcester Linux Users Group <wlug(a)mail.wlug.org> > Message-ID: <20040331183743.0858c05e.bconway(a)alum.wpi.edu> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII > > Not true (entirely). What Comcast does now is direct all requests from an > unauthorized modem to a Comcast web page that you enter your info in and > it authorized the MAC address on your modem. Before that with AT&T > Broadband, I called up support, told them I had an unsupported OS and > asked them to enable my modem for use on their network. They asked for my > various information, and 5 minutes later, everything worked. > > But yes, using the Windows program was probably the easiest way. > Fortunately, now anyone with a browser can set things up. > > Brian > > On Wed, 31 Mar 2004 18:27:49 -0500 (EST) > gboyce(a)badbelly.com wrote: > > > On Wed, 31 Mar 2004, Gregory Avedissian wrote: > > > > > It seems like most of the providers say that you need windows or mac > > > to use their DSL or cable internet. Does this just mean they won't > > > offer tech support for linux, or does it mean that it won't work? I'm > > > planning on using a router and having two computers connected. > > > > When I signed up for a AT&T cable modem (before Comcast bought them), it > > > > was actually impossible to enable your cable modem from within Linux. > > There was a windows program to do the initial setup. After you get past > > > > that point, Linux would work with it fine. > > > > I luckily had a Windows partition on the machine at the time. > > > > I'm hoping that Comcast doesn't have this same problem for new users, > > but issues like that are a possibility. > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 19:50:56 -0500 > From: Gregory Avedissian <avedis(a)rcn.com> > Subject: Re: [Wlug] High-speed access questions > To: douglas.waud(a)umassmed.edu, Worcester Linux Users Group > <wlug(a)mail.wlug.org> > Message-ID: <406B6770.1000401(a)rcn.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed > > Thanks to all who answered on this one. I called Verizon to ask them > about linux, and the person I spoke to had never heard of it. He did > manage to spell it right the first time, put me on hold and went to talk > to someone else who said that it does work. I also switched my phone > plan, and I'm saving $5/month on the DSL and another $5/month on my long > distance. > > I probably will have questions about this when I try to set it up. This > will be my first attempt at networking. OK, I thought of one already. > I'm running linux, and housemate is running XP. Will each OS just deal > with the router, or do I need special software to interact with a > windows box? > > Greg > > > doug waud wrote: > > Hi > > > > Gregory Avedissian wrote: > > > >> It seems like most of the providers say that you need windows or mac > >> to use their DSL or cable internet. Does this just mean they won't > >> offer tech support for linux, or does it mean that it won't work? I'm > >> planning on using a router and having two computers connected. > > > > > > I have dealt with 3 cable companies. > > > > The first, the local Shrewsbury Cable company wanted a Windows box so > > their installer could prove/test that the system was working. This is a > > reasonable position; if you don't draw the line tightly you'll end up > > dealing with the customer-from-hell and just run up expenses. > > Incidentally, the guy who came to my house played with Linux at home so > > the atmosphere was cordial but beside the point since I had a windows > > notebook for the initial test (and then just reconnected cables once he > > was out the door. > > > > The second was for my daughter in Southboro. There the cable was > > Charter. Again, I just had a windows notebook available in the cellar > > where the cable came in and the cable modem would lie. As with the > > Shrewsbury cable company the service guy just wanted to confirm that the > > signal was working and again, I just reconnected cables once he was out > > the door. > > > > The third was Adelphia up at our cottage in NH. This time I did not get > > to the notebook stage. I just looked over the service man's shoulder > > while he installed the signal separator (ethernet/tv) and waved goodbye. > > I then ran a cable into the house to the cable modem (this time I bought > > it; cheaper route) and from there to a firewall/router. > > > > In all cases most computers are running Linux (my wife still has a > > Windows box for games) and all work fine. Once the signal gets out of > > the cable modem to your router, the os of the connected computers will > > make no difference. > > > > I cannot comment on phone help from any of the three companies since I > > have never needed it. I would not expect them to deal with Linux since > > that would not be cost-effective. On the other hand, this list is an > > alternative that will trump a low paid telephone responder any time :-) > > > > Get the modem in (and have a windows machine available) and then connect > > your router and see if you can ping the router etc. If you run into a > > problem get in touch with the list (or me directly if you wish). > > > > doug > > > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Wlug mailing list > > Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 20:07:53 -0500 > From: Mike Frysinger <vapier(a)gentoo.org> > Subject: Re: [Wlug] High-speed access questions > To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > Message-ID: <200403312007.53122.vapier(a)gentoo.org> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > On Wednesday 31 March 2004 07:50 pm, Gregory Avedissian wrote: > > I probably will have questions about this when I try to set it up. This > > will be my first attempt at networking. OK, I thought of one already. > > I'm running linux, and housemate is running XP. Will each OS just deal > > with the router, or do I need special software to interact with a > > windows box? > > nope ... just get a hub and plug all the machines into it (dont plug into the > Uplink port though :D) > > on the router, if you run dhcp / nat / dns and setup the dhcp to give out all > the right values, all the machines should know what to do > -mike > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 22:25:53 -0500 > From: "Joel J. Young" <joel(a)jyng.com> > Subject: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem > To: <Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org> > Message-ID: <000501c41799$0a23ccd0$0400a8c0@PALEALE> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > > Here are the requested files: > > Ifcfg-eth0: > # Lite-On|LNE100TX > DEVICE=eth0 > ONBOOT=yes > BOOTPROTO=dhcp > HWADDR=FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF > USERCTL=no > PEERDNS=yes > TYPE=Ethernet > NETMASK=255.255.255.0 > IPADDR=192.168.0.2 > GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 > > > Modules.conf: > alias usb-controller usb-uhci > alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1 > post-install sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -L > >/dev/null 2>&1 || : > pre-remove sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -S > >/dev/null 2>&1 || : > alias eth0 tulip > > > network: > NETWORKING=yes > HOSTNAME= > > > Output of /sbin/lspci -vv - Non network devices removed to pass 40k > post filter > > 00:0d.0 Ethernet controller: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX (rev > 20) > Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX > Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- > ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- > Status: Cap- 66Mhz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- > <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR+ > Latency: 32 > Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 9 > Region 0: I/O ports at 8800 [disabled] [size=256] > Region 1: Memory at d5800000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] > [size=256] > Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] [size=256K] > > ...... > > > -----Original Message----- > From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org] On > Behalf Of Charles R. Anderson > Sent: Tuesday, March 30, 2004 10:21 AM > To: Worcester Linux Users Group > Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem > > > On Tue, Mar 30, 2004 at 10:13:15AM -0500, Dwight A. Ernest wrote: > > Include your /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and your > > /etc/sysconfig/network files in an email so we can see what they look > like. > > Also include /etc/modules.conf and the Ethernet card entry from the > "/sbin/lspci -vv" output. > > _______________________________________________ > Wlug mailing list > Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > > > >

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RE: [Wlug] question
by Martin, Eric April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

Whereis is a good commmand for that. Do whereis netscape Or whereis netscapex (with your version number. Finds binary, man stuff, etc for files..check man whereis for more info Eric -----Original Message----- From: Charles R. Anderson [mailto:cra@WPI.EDU] Sent: Friday, April 02, 2004 10:53 AM To: wlug(a)wlug.org Subject: Re: [Wlug] question On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 03:21:32PM -0400, John Sawyer wrote: > not sure if ive asked this, but i am unsure of how to uninstall > something taht i have compiled in, such as gaim, through a .tar.gz > ext... i also want to uninstall netscape, i downloaded the newest ver > but it gives me crap about somethingapp being in the dir already, any > ideas? You usually have to just find all the files and delete them. When you install stuff by compiling tar.gz yourself, there is usually no package management for easy uninstallation. Netscape probably installed to /usr/local/netscape* or something like that. _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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Good HowTo
by Martin, Eric April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

Anybdoy know of a good howto for setting up a home mail server? Gentoo has a Virtual mailserver how to, but that's not what I'm looking for. I own two domains, and I want to have email from those domains delivered to my server. I have Postfix in mind, I've heard it's pretty easy but I'm obviously not set on it. I'd also like to include spamassassin, and antivirus (clamav probaly...) Thanks Eric

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ACM Installfest reminder
by Ryan Caron April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

The ACM is having an Installfest this Sunday in Higgins Lab 116 from 3 to 7 PM. If you have any questions please feel free to email me or the officers list at acm(a)wpi.edu Sincerely, Ryan Caron ACM Secretary

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messages awaiting moderator approval - Suspicious Head
by Joel Young April 2, 2004

April 2, 2004

I keep getting my messages being held up for moderator approval due to a suspicious header. Anyone know why this might be? I'd like to get this solved, and I'm sure the moderator doesn't want to keep approving my messages. Joel joel(a)Jyng.com

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RedHat 9 Network Problem
by Joel J. Young April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

Here are the requested files: Ifcfg-eth0: # Lite-On|LNE100TX DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=dhcp HWADDR=FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=192.168.0.2 GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 Modules.conf: alias usb-controller usb-uhci alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1 post-install sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -L >/dev/null 2>&1 || : pre-remove sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -S >/dev/null 2>&1 || : alias eth0 tulip network: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME= Output of /sbin/lspci -vv - Non network devices removed to pass 40k post filter 00:0d.0 Ethernet controller: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX (rev 20) Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- Status: Cap- 66Mhz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR+ Latency: 32 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 9 Region 0: I/O ports at 8800 [disabled] [size=256] Region 1: Memory at d5800000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=256] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] [size=256K] ...... -----Original Message----- From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org] On Behalf Of Charles R. Anderson Sent: Tuesday, March 30, 2004 10:21 AM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem On Tue, Mar 30, 2004 at 10:13:15AM -0500, Dwight A. Ernest wrote: > Include your /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and your > /etc/sysconfig/network files in an email so we can see what they look like. Also include /etc/modules.conf and the Ethernet card entry from the "/sbin/lspci -vv" output. _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem
by Martin, Eric April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

Also, you might want to remove the HARDWARE line from that file. It should just use the mac from your network card. Maybe the router doesn't want to assign FF:FF:FF...a mac address? Eric -----Original Message----- From: Joel J. Young [mailto:joel@jyng.com] Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 9:23 AM To: 'Worcester Linux Users Group' Subject: RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem I tried using both static and dynamic IPs. Neigther worked. It's possible there's remnants of that testing left. Everything on my local network is in the 192.168.0.x address space. No, I changed the address of the router back to the default, which is 192.168.0.1 -----Original Message----- From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org] On Behalf Of Martin, Eric Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 8:47 AM To: 'Worcester Linux Users Group' Subject: RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem I haven't worked with RH for a while, bu you have both dhcp and a hardcoded address here. Also, there's your problem, if I'm reading this right. You're set to 192.168.0.2 with a 255.255.255.0 mask. That means you can only see 192.168.0.x machines, and your router is 192.168.1.x, right? -----Original Message----- From: Joel J. Young [mailto:joel@jyng.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 10:26 PM To: Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem Here are the requested files: Ifcfg-eth0: # Lite-On|LNE100TX DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes ** BOOTPROTO=dhcp ** HWADDR=FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet ** NETMASK=255.255.255.0 ** IPADDR=192.168.0.2 GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 Modules.conf: alias usb-controller usb-uhci alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1 post-install sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -L >/dev/null 2>&1 || : pre-remove sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -S >/dev/null 2>&1 || : alias eth0 tulip network: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME= Output of /sbin/lspci -vv - Non network devices removed to pass 40k post filter 00:0d.0 Ethernet controller: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX (rev 20) Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- Status: Cap- 66Mhz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR+ Latency: 32 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 9 Region 0: I/O ports at 8800 [disabled] [size=256] Region 1: Memory at d5800000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=256] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] [size=256K] ...... -----Original Message----- From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org <mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org> ] On Behalf Of Charles R. Anderson Sent: Tuesday, March 30, 2004 10:21 AM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem On Tue, Mar 30, 2004 at 10:13:15AM -0500, Dwight A. Ernest wrote: > Include your /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and your > /etc/sysconfig/network files in an email so we can see what they look like. Also include /etc/modules.conf and the Ethernet card entry from the "/sbin/lspci -vv" output. _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug <http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug>

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RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem
by Martin, Eric April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

I haven't worked with RH for a while, bu you have both dhcp and a hardcoded address here. Also, there's your problem, if I'm reading this right. You're set to 192.168.0.2 with a 255.255.255.0 mask. That means you can only see 192.168.0.x machines, and your router is 192.168.1.x, right? -----Original Message----- From: Joel J. Young [mailto:joel@jyng.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 10:26 PM To: Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem Here are the requested files: Ifcfg-eth0: # Lite-On|LNE100TX DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes ** BOOTPROTO=dhcp ** HWADDR=FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet ** NETMASK=255.255.255.0 ** IPADDR=192.168.0.2 GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 Modules.conf: alias usb-controller usb-uhci alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1 post-install sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -L >/dev/null 2>&1 || : pre-remove sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -S >/dev/null 2>&1 || : alias eth0 tulip network: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME= Output of /sbin/lspci -vv - Non network devices removed to pass 40k post filter 00:0d.0 Ethernet controller: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX (rev 20) Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc LNE100TX Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- Status: Cap- 66Mhz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR+ Latency: 32 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 9 Region 0: I/O ports at 8800 [disabled] [size=256] Region 1: Memory at d5800000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=256] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] [size=256K] ...... -----Original Message----- From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org <mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org> ] On Behalf Of Charles R. Anderson Sent: Tuesday, March 30, 2004 10:21 AM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem On Tue, Mar 30, 2004 at 10:13:15AM -0500, Dwight A. Ernest wrote: > Include your /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and your > /etc/sysconfig/network files in an email so we can see what they look like. Also include /etc/modules.conf and the Ethernet card entry from the "/sbin/lspci -vv" output. _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug <http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug>

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RE: [Wlug] Softpro to close Marlboro, MA store...
by Keller, Tim April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

I'd also like to recommend www.bookpool.com as well, for a couple of reasons! Firstly, it's a great bookstore. I purchased an o'reilly book and the book + shipping was less than the price on the back of the book! Secondly, my friend and a fellow WLUGger (Marc Hughes) works for bookpool! Later, Tim. There's nothing wrong with a man that a Playstation 2 and a copy of Vice City can't cure. -- Penny Arcade -----Original Message----- From: Jeff Kinz [mailto:jkinz@kinz.org] Sent: Tuesday, March 09, 2004 8:25 AM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] Softpro to close Marlboro, MA store... On Tue, Mar 09, 2004 at 12:10:44AM -0500, Andy Stewart wrote: > On Monday 08 March 2004 11:59 pm, Theo Van Dinter wrote: > > On Mon, Mar 08, 2004 at 11:42:44PM -0500, Michael Kingsbury wrote: > > > to Softpro once.... cover price gets old. > > > > Don't WLUG members get 10% off? I seem to remember going there and > > having to decide over the WBUR, WGBH, and iirc, WLUG discounts. > > Yes, there is a discount on many items for WLUG members. I'm not sure of the > percentage, but I think its 10%. > > > > > There's just something about walking into a store and seeing every ORA > > book right there. ;) http://www.bookpool.com - all the ORA books, always 25% to 45% off -All the time. Sofpro was nice to have around for emergencies but if you can wait 3-4 days for a book, I always go to bookpool. Cheaper and wider selection. (darned hard to read a few pages before buying tho'... :) ) They are located in vineyard haven. IIRC -- Jeff Kinz, Open-PC, Emergent Research, Hudson, MA. "jkinz(a)kinz.org" is copyright 2003. Use is restricted. Any use is an acceptance of the offer at http://www.kinz.org/policy.html. _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem
by Martin, Eric April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

MAC filter maybe? -----Original Message----- From: Joel J. Young [mailto:joel@jyng.com] Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 12:07 AM To: 'Worcester Linux Users Group' Subject: RE: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem Here it is: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:2490342 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:3 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Interrupt:9 I'm suspicious about the HWaddr too, but I don't know why it wouldn't be picking up the MAC address. > -----Original Message----- > From: wlug-bounces(a)mail.wlug.org > [mailto:wlug-bounces@mail.wlug.org] On Behalf Of Charles R. Anderson > Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 10:41 PM > To: Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > Subject: Re: [Wlug] RedHat 9 Network Problem > > > On Wed, Mar 31, 2004 at 10:25:53PM -0500, Joel J. Young wrote: > > # Lite-On|LNE100TX > > DEVICE=eth0 > > ONBOOT=yes > > BOOTPROTO=dhcp > > HWADDR=FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF > > The HWADDR here looks wrong. Can you post the output of: > > /sbin/ifconfig eth0 > > The HWaddr listed there should be what you set HWADDR= to in > ifcfg-eth0. > > _______________________________________________ > Wlug mailing list > Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] High-speed access questions
by Martin, Eric April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

Its TCP/IP. No software needed. Your linux box and XP box will get to the router the same way, via TCP/Ip, just like if you were plugged into your work network. Set your router to DHCP, set your clients to DHCP, and enjoy the bandwidth. Eric -----Original Message----- From: Gregory Avedissian [mailto:avedis@rcn.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 7:51 PM To: douglas.waud(a)umassmed.edu; Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] High-speed access questions Thanks to all who answered on this one. I called Verizon to ask them about linux, and the person I spoke to had never heard of it. He did manage to spell it right the first time, put me on hold and went to talk to someone else who said that it does work. I also switched my phone plan, and I'm saving $5/month on the DSL and another $5/month on my long distance. I probably will have questions about this when I try to set it up. This will be my first attempt at networking. OK, I thought of one already. I'm running linux, and housemate is running XP. Will each OS just deal with the router, or do I need special software to interact with a windows box? Greg doug waud wrote: > Hi > > Gregory Avedissian wrote: > >> It seems like most of the providers say that you need windows or mac >> to use their DSL or cable internet. Does this just mean they won't >> offer tech support for linux, or does it mean that it won't work? I'm >> planning on using a router and having two computers connected. > > > I have dealt with 3 cable companies. > > The first, the local Shrewsbury Cable company wanted a Windows box so > their installer could prove/test that the system was working. This is a > reasonable position; if you don't draw the line tightly you'll end up > dealing with the customer-from-hell and just run up expenses. > Incidentally, the guy who came to my house played with Linux at home so > the atmosphere was cordial but beside the point since I had a windows > notebook for the initial test (and then just reconnected cables once he > was out the door. > > The second was for my daughter in Southboro. There the cable was > Charter. Again, I just had a windows notebook available in the cellar > where the cable came in and the cable modem would lie. As with the > Shrewsbury cable company the service guy just wanted to confirm that the > signal was working and again, I just reconnected cables once he was out > the door. > > The third was Adelphia up at our cottage in NH. This time I did not > get > to the notebook stage. I just looked over the service man's shoulder > while he installed the signal separator (ethernet/tv) and waved goodbye. > I then ran a cable into the house to the cable modem (this time I bought > it; cheaper route) and from there to a firewall/router. > > In all cases most computers are running Linux (my wife still has a > Windows box for games) and all work fine. Once the signal gets out of > the cable modem to your router, the os of the connected computers will > make no difference. > > I cannot comment on phone help from any of the three companies since I > have never needed it. I would not expect them to deal with Linux since > that would not be cost-effective. On the other hand, this list is an > alternative that will trump a low paid telephone responder any time :-) > > Get the modem in (and have a windows machine available) and then > connect > your router and see if you can ping the router etc. If you run into a > problem get in touch with the list (or me directly if you wish). > > doug > > > > _______________________________________________ > Wlug mailing list > Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org > http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug > > _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] High-speed access questions
by Martin, Eric April 1, 2004

April 1, 2004

One thing, Remember to reboot your brigde (cable modem) after you install the router. It attatches to the mac address of what it's plugged into, and you need to reboot to have it grab the MAC of your router. Eric -----Original Message----- From: doug waud [mailto:douglas.waud@umassmed.edu] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 6:53 PM To: Worcester Linux Users Group Subject: Re: [Wlug] High-speed access questions Hi Gregory Avedissian wrote: > It seems like most of the providers say that you need windows or mac > to > use their DSL or cable internet. Does this just mean they won't offer > tech support for linux, or does it mean that it won't work? I'm planning > on using a router and having two computers connected. I have dealt with 3 cable companies. The first, the local Shrewsbury Cable company wanted a Windows box so their installer could prove/test that the system was working. This is a reasonable position; if you don't draw the line tightly you'll end up dealing with the customer-from-hell and just run up expenses. Incidentally, the guy who came to my house played with Linux at home so the atmosphere was cordial but beside the point since I had a windows notebook for the initial test (and then just reconnected cables once he was out the door. The second was for my daughter in Southboro. There the cable was Charter. Again, I just had a windows notebook available in the cellar where the cable came in and the cable modem would lie. As with the Shrewsbury cable company the service guy just wanted to confirm that the signal was working and again, I just reconnected cables once he was out the door. The third was Adelphia up at our cottage in NH. This time I did not get to the notebook stage. I just looked over the service man's shoulder while he installed the signal separator (ethernet/tv) and waved goodbye. I then ran a cable into the house to the cable modem (this time I bought it; cheaper route) and from there to a firewall/router. In all cases most computers are running Linux (my wife still has a Windows box for games) and all work fine. Once the signal gets out of the cable modem to your router, the os of the connected computers will make no difference. I cannot comment on phone help from any of the three companies since I have never needed it. I would not expect them to deal with Linux since that would not be cost-effective. On the other hand, this list is an alternative that will trump a low paid telephone responder any time :-) Get the modem in (and have a windows machine available) and then connect your router and see if you can ping the router etc. If you run into a problem get in touch with the list (or me directly if you wish). doug _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] Re: Good HowTo
by Martin, Eric March 31, 2004

March 31, 2004

I def know what you mean with the Inet not being friendly anymore...I'm trying to explain to clients and co-workers alike that you can get an virus just by browsing a website...when Is M$ gonna patch that horrible browswer of theirs anyway?!!?!? So firewall is step 1. that I'm prob gonna test in house first, then expose it (complete with jail ;) ) -----Original Message----- From: Bob George [mailto:mailings02@ttlexceeded.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 2:52 PM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: [Wlug] Re: Good HowTo Martin, Eric wrote: > A large part of it is the learning, that's one of the things that got > me into comptuers in the first place. I know it sounds crazy, but I > want to deal with the headaches of a mailserver, and possibly 2 DNS > servers if I can run them. Basically it comes down to wanting the > expirience of bringing up a mail server and dealing with real > problems... That's a great approach, but do appreciate that in making some early mistakes, you can easily wind up with your system used to relay spam en-masse, or worse. I would recommend a slow and thorough approach, along with a fail-back option if something doesn't work as expected. Get the firewall working and tested as step 1. Have someone knowledgeable help with testing as you go. Unfortunately, the 'net has become a dangerous place for learning these days, and mistakes are quickly exploited. Or you could simply never make mistakes. :) - Bob _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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RE: [Wlug] Re: Good HowTo
by Martin, Eric March 31, 2004

March 31, 2004

Cool, thanks! -----Original Message----- From: Josh Huber [mailto:huber@alum.wpi.edu] Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2004 3:00 PM To: wlug(a)mail.wlug.org Subject: Re: [Wlug] Re: Good HowTo "Martin, Eric" <MartinE(a)worc.k12.ma.us> writes: > A large part of it is the learning, that's one of the things that got > me into comptuers in the first place. I know it sounds crazy, but I > want to deal with the headaches of a mailserver, and possibly 2 DNS > servers if I can run them. Basically it comes down to wanting the > expirience of bringing up a mail server and dealing with real > problems... Well, depending on your ISP 'situation', something like this might be nice: http://www.dyndns.org/services/pricing/index.html#mailhop I use dyndns' backup MX service, in case my connection goes down. They spool for up to 10 days, I believe. -- Josh Huber _______________________________________________ Wlug mailing list Wlug(a)mail.wlug.org http://mail.wlug.org/mailman/listinfo/wlug

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